1972ASHME
Equilateral triangle ABP with side AB of length 2 inches is placed inside a square AXYZ with side of length 4 inches so that B is on side AX. The triangle is rotated clockwise about B, then P, and so on along the sides of the square until P,A, and B all return to their original positions. The length of the path in inches traversed by vertex P is equal to(A)\( \displaystyle \frac{20 \pi}{3} \) (B)\( \displaystyle \frac{32 \pi}{3} \) (C)\( 12 \pi \) (D)\( \displaystyle \frac{40 \pi}{3} \) (E)\( 15 \pi \)
按照題意一開始是△ABP,繞了一圈回到起點變成△PAB,繞第二圈回到起點變成△BPA,繞第三圈才回到△ABP。
開始 第一圈 第二圈 第三圈
P B A P
△ △ △ △
A B P A B P A B
但將各段加起來會比較麻煩,我將正方形攤開成一直線
P點每次旋轉\( \displaystyle \frac{2 \pi}{3} \),共旋轉16次,但有8次實際上只轉了\( \displaystyle \frac{\pi}{6} \)
(第一圈的Y,Z,第二圈的X,Y,W,第三圈的X,Z,W)
總共旋轉\( \displaystyle \frac{2 \pi}{3}\times 16-\frac{\pi}{2} \times 8=\frac{20 \pi}{3} \)
扇形半徑是2,P點路徑長為\( \displaystyle 2 \times \frac{20 \pi}{3}=\frac{40 \pi}{3} \),答案D
附加檔案:
RollingTrangle1.rar
102木柵高工考了一題類似題,將三角形繞著正方形外面,問P點經過的路徑為何?
https://math.pro/db/thread-1662-1-2.html
一樣要繞三圈才會回到△ABP
P點旋轉\( \displaystyle \frac{2 \pi}{3} \)共16次,但有8次要多轉\( \displaystyle \frac{\pi}{2} \)
總共旋轉\( \displaystyle \frac{2 \pi}{3} \times 16+\frac{\pi}{2} \times 8=\frac{44 \pi}{3} \)
102木柵高工的扇形半徑是1,所以P點路徑長為\( \displaystyle 1 \times \frac{44 \pi}{3}=\frac{44 \pi}{3} \)
附加檔案:
RollingTrangle2.rar