5.若\( \displaystyle x_{n+1}=\frac{n+2}{n}x_n+\frac{1}{n} \),且\( x_1=0 \),則\( x_n= \)?
[解答]
同乘n倍,\( n x_{n+1}=(n+2)x_n+1 \)
假設k為常數,\( n(x_{n+1}-k)=(n+2)(x_n-k) \),展開比較係數得\( \displaystyle k=-\frac{1}{2} \)
\( \displaystyle n(x_{n+1}+\frac{1}{2})=(n+2)(x_n+\frac{1}{2}) \)
\( \displaystyle x_{n+1}+\frac{1}{2}=\frac{n+2}{n}(x_n+\frac{1}{2}) \)
\( \displaystyle x_{n}+\frac{1}{2}=\frac{n+1}{n-1}(x_{n-1}+\frac{1}{2}) \)
\( \displaystyle x_n+\frac{1}{2}=\frac{n+1}{n-1}\cdot \frac{n}{n-2}\cdot \frac{n-1}{n-3}\cdot \ldots \frac{5}{3}\cdot \frac{4}{2}\cdot \frac{3}{1}(x_1+\frac{1}{2}) \)
\( \displaystyle x_n+\frac{1}{2}=\frac{n(n+1)}{4} \)
\( \displaystyle x_n=\frac{n^2+n-2}{4} \)
類題
若數列\( \{\; a_n \}\; \)滿足遞推關係式\( \displaystyle a_{n-1}=\frac{2n-1}{2n-3}a_n \)( \( n=1,2,\ldots \) )且\( \displaystyle a_1=\frac{1}{3} \),求數列的通項
(初等代數研究P226)
這題不用求常數k是多少,直接連乘將\( a_n \)求出來
\( \displaystyle a_1=\frac{1}{2} \),\( \displaystyle a_n=\frac{n-1}{n+1}a_{n-1}+\frac{2}{n+1} \),求\( a_n= \)?
https://math.pro/db/thread-1257-1-1.html
[提示]
同乘\( n+1 \)倍,\( (n+1)a_n=(n-1)a_{n-2}+2 \)
假設k為常數,\( (n+1)(a_n-k)=(n-1)(a_{n-1}-k) \),展開比較係數得\( k=1 \)
3.
設過原點\( (0,0) \)有三條直線與\( y=x^3+px^2+1 \)所表示之圖形相切,則實數p值的範圍。
設過原點\( (0,0) \)有三條相異直線與\( f(x)=x^3+kx^2+1 \)相切,則實數k值的範圍為。
(100楊梅高中,
https://math.pro/db/viewthread.php?tid=1162&page=1#pid4118)
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