5.
\(\triangle ABC\)中,在\(\overline{BC}\)邊上取\(D\)、\(E\),使得\(\angle BAD=\angle DAE=\angle EAC\)。若\(\overline{BD}=3\)、\(\overline{DE}=4\)、\(\overline{EC}=8\),求\(\triangle ABC\)的面積?
[解答]
設\(\angle BAD=\angle DAE=\angle EAC=\theta\)
在\(\triangle ABE\)中,\(\overline{AD}\)為\(\angle BAE\)的角平分線,\(\displaystyle \frac{\overline{AB}}{\overline{AE}}=\frac{\overline{BD}}{\overline{DE}}=\frac{3}{4}\),設\(\overline{AB}=3a\)且\(\overline{AE}=4a\)(\(a>0\))。
在\(\triangle ADC\)中,\(\overline{AE}\)為\(\angle DAC\)的角平分線,\(\displaystyle \frac{\overline{AD}}{\overline{AC}}=\frac{\overline{DE}}{\overline{EC}}=\frac{4}{8}=\frac{1}{2}\),設\(\overline{AD}=b\)且\(\overline{AC}=2b\)(\(b>0\))。
在\(\triangle ABD\)中,\(\displaystyle cos\theta=\frac{(3a)^2+b^2-3^2}{2\cdot 3a\cdot b}\)
在\(\triangle ADE\)中,\(\displaystyle cos\theta=\frac{(4a)^2+b^2-4^2}{2 \cdot 4a \cdot b}\)
在\(\triangle AEC\)中,\(\displaystyle cos\theta=\frac{(4a)^2+(2b)^2-8^2}{2\cdot 4a\cdot 2b}\)
\(\displaystyle\frac{(3a)^2+b^2-3^2}{2\cdot 3a\cdot b}=\frac{(4a)^2+b^2-4^2}{2 \cdot 4a \cdot b}\),\(12a^2-b^2=12\)
\(\displaystyle\frac{(4a)^2+b^2-4^2}{2 \cdot 4a \cdot b}=\frac{(4a)^2+(2b)^2-8^2}{2\cdot 4a\cdot 2b}\),\(8a^2-b^2=-16\)
解得\(a=\sqrt{7},b=6\sqrt{2}\),\(\overline{AB}=3a=3\sqrt{7}\)、\(\overline{AD}=b=6\sqrt{2}\)、\(\overline{AE}=4a=4\sqrt{7}\)、\(\overline{AC}=2b=12\sqrt{2}\)
\(\displaystyle cos\theta=\frac{(3a)^2+b^2-3^2}{2\cdot 3a\cdot b}=\frac{(3\sqrt{7})^2+(6\sqrt{2})^2-3^2}{2\cdot 3\sqrt{7}\cdot 6\sqrt{2}}=\frac{\sqrt{14}}{4}\),\(\displaystyle sin\theta=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{4}\)
\(sin3\theta=3sin\theta-4sin^3\theta=3\frac{\sqrt{2}}{4}-4\left(\frac{\sqrt{2}}{4}\right)^3=\frac{5\sqrt{2}}{8}\)
\(\displaystyle \triangle ABC=\frac{1}{2}\cdot \overline{AB}\cdot \overline{AC}\cdot sin3\theta=\frac{1}{2}\cdot 3\sqrt{7}\cdot 12\sqrt{2}\cdot \frac{5\sqrt{2}}{8}=\frac{45\sqrt{7}}{2}\)