請教計算第一題
空間中,設一直線\(L\)通過\((5,3,2)\)與直線\(\displaystyle \frac{x-2}{3}=\frac{y+1}{2}=\frac{z-1}{-1}\)交於\(P\)點,且與直線\(\displaystyle \frac{x-2}{2}=\frac{y-3}{3}=\frac{z-1}{5}\)交於\(Q\)點,則
(1)試求直線\(L\)的直線方程式。(以對稱比例式表示)
(2)求\(\overline{PQ}\)的長為何?
版上的老師好,計算過程如下,但不知道哪裡做錯導致卡住,想求教計算第一題?
已知點\(A(5,3,2)\),直線\(L\)的參數式與比例式關係:
設直線上的點\(P\)座標為\((3s+2,2s-1,-s+1)\)
直線方程式為:\(\displaystyle \frac{x-2}{3}=\frac{y+1}{2}=\frac{z-1}{-1}=s\)
另一條直線方程式為:\(\displaystyle \frac{x-2}{2}=\frac{y-3}{3}=\frac{z-1}{5}\)
設過點\(A(5,3,2)\)與點\(P\)的直線\(L\)方程式為:\(L\):\(\displaystyle \frac{x-5}{3s-3}=\frac{y-3}{2s-4}=\frac{z-2}{-s-1} =r\)
由上式可得\(x, y, z\)的參數式:\(\Rightarrow \cases{x = r(3s-3)+5 \cr y=r(2s-4)+3 \cr z=r(-s-1)+2}\)
將此座標代入另一條直線\(\displaystyle \frac{x-2}{2}=\frac{y-3}{3}=\frac{z-1}{5}\):
\(\displaystyle \frac{r(3s-3)+3}{2}=\frac{r(2s-4)}{3}=\frac{r(-s-1) + 1}{5}\)
解聯立方程:
①處理前兩項:
\(3[r(3s-3) + 3] = 2[r(2s-4)]\)
\(9rs - 9r + 9 = 4rs - 8r\)
\(5rs - r + 9 = 0\)
\(r(5s - 1) = -9\)
\(\displaystyle r = \frac{-9}{5s - 1}\)
②處理後兩項:
\(5[r(2s-4)] = 3[r(-s-1) + 1]\)
\(10rs - 20r = -3rs - 3r + 1\)
\(13rs - 17r = 1\)
\(r(13s - 17) = 1\)
\(\displaystyle r = \frac{1}{13s - 17}\)
③比較\(r\)值求解\(s\):
\(\displaystyle \frac{-9}{5s - 1} = \frac{1}{13s - 17}\)
\(-9(13s - 17) = 5s - 1\)
\(-117s + 153 = 5s - 1\)
\(-122s = -154\)
\(\displaystyle s = \frac{154}{122} = \frac{77}{61}\)