第 15 題:(畢業已久,離古典代數學有點遠,如果寫法不對還請多多包含並不吝提醒,感激。^^)
(a)
\(\displaystyle \left(ax+b+M\right)\left(cx+d+M\right)\equiv \left(ax+b\right)\left(cx+d\right)+M\)
\(\displaystyle\equiv acx^2+\left(ad+bc\right)x+bd+M\)
\(\displaystyle\equiv \left(ad+bc\right)x+\left(bd-ac\right)+M\)
(b)
由 (a),先解 \(\displaystyle\left\{\begin{array}{ccc}ad+dc=1\\bd-ac=1\end{array}\right.\),可得 \(\displaystyle c=\frac{-a+b}{a^2+b^2},\,d=\frac{a+b}{a^2+b^2}\),
故,\(ax+b\) 的乘法反元素為 \(\displaystyle \frac{-a+b}{a^2+b^2}x+\frac{a+b}{a^2+b^2}.\)